Each student underwent a sensory integration intervention twice weekly for fifteen weeks, each session lasting thirty minutes, with a ten-minute weekly consultation from the occupational therapist with the student's teacher.
Weekly, the dependent variables, functional regulation and active participation, underwent measurement. As part of the intervention study, the Short Child Occupational Profile and the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Third Edition, were used prior to and after the intervention. Goal attainment scaling was evaluated, post-intervention, using semi-structured interviews with the teachers and participants.
All three students experienced notable advancements in functional regulation and active class participation during the intervention, as quantifiably shown by a 2-SD band method or celeration line analysis. The extra steps all revealed a beneficial transformation.
For children with sensory integration and processing challenges, sensory integration intervention combined with consultations within the education system may result in improvements to their school performance and participation rates. The research presented in this article proposes a model for improved service delivery within the school setting. It focuses on students exhibiting sensory integration and processing challenges that impair occupational engagement, which existing embedded supports fail to address, and which lead to enhanced functional regulation and active participation.
School performance and participation in children with sensory processing and integration challenges can be improved by means of sensory integration interventions, complemented by consultations within the educational context. A study's findings offer a data-backed model for school-based service delivery aimed at improving functional regulation and active participation among students facing sensory integration and processing challenges. These challenges, often hindering occupational engagement, are not effectively managed by current embedded support systems.
The pursuit of meaningful work is linked to a higher quality of life and improved health. Recognizing the lower quality of life often experienced by children with autism, understanding the contributing factors to their participation difficulties is critical.
To recognize the indicators related to difficulties in participation in a significant data set of autistic children, to aid professionals in determining the best courses of action for interventions.
A cross-sectional, retrospective study, leveraging a large dataset, investigated the relationships between home life, friendships, classroom learning, and leisure activities using multivariate regression.
Pathways to Diagnosis and Services, as surveyed in 2011, and the resulting data set.
A total of 834 autistic children with co-occurring intellectual disabilities (ID) and 227 autistic children without intellectual disabilities (ID) are having their parents or caregivers evaluated.
Sensory processing, emotional regulation, behavioral variables, and social variables emerged as the strongest predictors of participation within occupational therapy practice. Our outcomes concur with those of previous, smaller studies, underscoring the importance of client-centric approaches to occupational therapy in relation to these crucial areas.
Targeting sensory processing, emotional regulation, behavioral skills, and social skills within interventions for autistic children can support their neurological processing and foster greater involvement in home life, friendships, classroom learning, and leisure activities. This study emphasizes the significance of integrating sensory processing and social skill development into occupational therapy interventions for autistic children, regardless of intellectual capacity, to facilitate increased participation in activities. Cognitive flexibility-based interventions can foster the development of emotional regulation and behavioral skills. In this piece, the identity-first language 'autistic people' is employed to reflect the author's positionality. The description of their strengths and abilities, expressed in this non-ableist language, is a conscious decision. This language, favored by autistic communities and self-advocates, has been embraced by health care professionals and researchers, as indicated by the studies conducted by Bottema-Beutel et al. (2021) and Kenny et al. (2016).
Interventions for autistic children should encompass sensory processing, emotional regulation, behavioral skills, and social skills to address their underlying neurological processing and encourage their participation in home life, friendships, classroom learning, and leisure activities. Our research underscores the importance of sensory processing and social skills in occupational therapy interventions for autistic children with and without intellectual disabilities, to enhance their participation in activities. Interventions focusing on cognitive flexibility can bolster emotional regulation and behavioral skills. The chosen terminology, 'autistic people', reflects the identity-first approach adopted in this article. To showcase their strengths and abilities, this non-ableist language was purposefully chosen. Health care professionals and researchers have adopted this language, as it is preferred by autistic communities and self-advocates, as indicated in the literature (Bottema-Beutel et al., 2021; Kenny et al., 2016).
In view of the growing number of autistic adults and their continuous need for diverse support systems, insight into the roles of their caregivers is vital.
To explore the roles of caregivers in aiding autistic adults, what specific activities and responsibilities are crucial for effective support?
This research project utilized a descriptive, qualitative design for its investigation. A two-phase interview procedure was followed for the caregivers. The data analysis process, which included the extraction of narratives and a multi-step coding strategy, produced three principal caregiving themes.
Thirty-one caregivers attend to the needs of autistic adults.
Caregiver roles were categorized by three main themes: (1) attending to everyday necessities, (2) seeking and securing essential services and supports, and (3) offering unobserved support. Each theme was characterized by its inclusion of three sub-themes. Autistic adults, irrespective of their age, gender, adaptive behavior scores, employment, or living situation, enacted the prescribed roles.
To encourage meaningful occupation participation by their autistic adult, caregivers embraced a range of roles. DNase I, Bovine pancreas Autism spectrum disorder individuals benefit from occupational therapy support throughout their lives, encompassing daily activities, leisure pursuits, and executive functioning skills, with the aim of diminishing reliance on caregiving and specialized services. Caregivers' ability to handle the present and prepare for the future can be enhanced by support systems. The complexity of caregiving for autistic adults is exemplified by the descriptions presented in this study. Given the variety of roles that caregivers play, occupational therapy practitioners are uniquely positioned to furnish services that assist autistic individuals and their caretakers. The selection of person-first or identity-first language is subject to considerable debate and controversy, which we acknowledge. We've selected identity-first language for two compelling arguments. According to studies, like the one conducted by Botha et al. (2021), 'person with autism' is generally the least favored term by autistic individuals themselves. During our interviews, the majority of participants favored the term 'autistic' in the second phase of data collection.
Caregivers' various roles were essential in enabling their autistic adult to engage in meaningful occupations. By addressing daily living, leisure activities, and executive functions, occupational therapy practitioners assist autistic people throughout their lifespan, reducing the dependence on caregiving and external services. Caregivers can also be supported in their management of the present and future planning. This research illuminates the intricate tapestry of caregiving for autistic adults through detailed descriptions. Occupational therapy professionals, equipped with an understanding of the multifaceted roles of caregivers, are capable of delivering services that support autistic persons and their caregivers. Regarding the use of person-first or identity-first language, this positionality statement acknowledges the controversy surrounding this choice. In alignment with our commitment to inclusivity, we opted for identity-first language for two reasons. Autistic individuals, as revealed in research like that of Botha et al. (2021), generally find the term 'person with autism' to be their least preferred descriptor. From the second set of interviews, a significant finding was the widespread usage of the word “autistic.”
Aforementioned stability enhancement of hydrophilic nanoparticles (NPs) in aqueous mediums is expected to arise from the adsorption of nonionic surfactants. Nonionic surfactants' bulk phase behavior in aqueous solutions is conditional upon both salinity and temperature; yet, the impact of these solvent variables on their adsorption and self-assembly onto nanoparticles is not fully understood. By combining adsorption isotherms, dispersion transmittance, and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), this study delves into how salinity and temperature influence the adsorption of pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C12E5) surfactant onto silica nanoparticles. DNase I, Bovine pancreas Nanoparticles adsorb more surfactant as the temperature and salinity of the solution increase. DNase I, Bovine pancreas Computational reverse-engineering analysis of scattering experiments (CREASE), coupled with SANS measurements, reveals that silica NPs aggregate in response to increased salinity and temperature. Further investigation reveals non-monotonic viscosity changes in the C12E5-silica NP mixture with concurrent increases in temperature and salinity, which we correlate to the aggregated state of the nanoparticles. The study delves into the fundamental understanding of the configuration and phase transition of surfactant-coated NPs, and proposes a temperature-based method to modulate the viscosity of such dispersions.